软件更新

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Debian系统提供apt工具来管理软件。

软件源配置

系统中/etc/apt/sources.list文件保存软件源配置信息,可以根据地理位置选择速度快的软件源。

Debian官方软件源(当前默认)

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

中科大软件源

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian trixie-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

更新缓存

执行该命令更新本地软件源的缓存:sudo apt update

更新已安装的软件

用户可以选择只更新指定软件,也可以选择去全量更新系统中所有可更新的软件包。

更新指定软件包:sudo apt install <软件包名> #该命令发现有系统已经安装该软件包,且软件源里有新版本时,会自动安装新的版本到系统中

全量更新系统在所有可更新的软件包:sudo apt upgrade

安装软件

安装软件:sudo apt install <软件包名>

卸载软件

卸载软件使用:sudo apt purge <软件包名>

注意:在卸载软件时,那些依赖你要卸载的软件也会一并被卸载,如果卸载掉关键软件包可能会导致桌面显示异常或者系统异常等。当发现apt purge提示要是卸载的内容不是预期要卸载的内容时要Ctrl+C终止卸载,避免破坏系统。